Chemotaxonomy as a tool for interpreting the cryptic diversity of. Observations and study on the pollen morphology of some. For the viability analyses of pollen grains, 2% propionic carmine and alexanders stain were used. Pdf pollen morphology of poaceae poales in the azores. The pollen grains are produced within the anther of the. Despite the dominance of grasslands during the last glacial period, especially in south america, the highly uniform morphology of poaceae pollen grains has so far allowed only very few palynological studies based on poaceae pollen.
Poaceae plants are characterised basically as annual in palynology, the. Microsporogenesis, viability and morphology of pollen. Pollen morphology of some species in the family solanaceae. Pdf the objective of this study was to expand knowledge on the poaceae and morphologically describe pollen grains of species occurring in. Miscanthus gramineae, poaceae has recently received comprehensive attention because of its great potential to be developed and utilized as a new renewable energy plant.
Proper identification of pollen and spores both of living and fossil plants is a prerequisite for exploiting their applications. In our study we compare two methods of distinguishing between south american grassland ecosystems based on quantitative morphology of poaceae pollen. Pollen morphology of various members of the family poaceae have been studied. Poaceae pollen was marker only grassland vegetations and no more ecological or taxonomic inferences from pollen samples of quaternary. Introduction to pollen university of nevada, las vegas. Although grasses superficially resemble other plants, most notably the rushes family juncaceae and sedges family cyperaceae, these similarities are far outweighed by the numerous lessconspicuous differences in the structure and arrangement of reproductive parts, pollen development and structure, chromosome structure, and. Laserscanning highresolution differential interference contrast lshrdic. Studies on the pollen morphology of nineteen species poaceae from northeast chinaj.
Morphological characteristics of pollen grains have been categorised into different groups. Pdf a contribution to the pollen morphology of family gramineae. Materials and methods material we investigated 20 samples table 1 from nine different. This aim of this study was to distinguish grasslands from forests in southern brazil by analyzing poaceae pollen grains. The paper reports a study of pollen morphology in numerous genera of about eighty families represented in the flora of colorado, together with a small number of familiar exotic forms. Alnusand cecropia dominatedisturbed areasat thehigher. Comparison of pollen morphology and total proteins in some. Poaceae characteristic morphological features britannica. For calibration purposes, it will nevertheless be useful to examine the size composition of modern poaceae pollen. The slides were prepared by squash technique and stained with 2% carmine propionic. Pollen shapes are described, as well as markings, size, color, stickiness, abundance, and other features.
Diporate pollen grains of poaceae species medwin publishers. To accumulate information about pollen morphology of miscanthus in china for relevant study, the pollen morphology of 39 accessions from miscanthus sinensis, m. Anatomy and morphology of the poaceae gramineae grass family slide 2 a quick family description as found with all family files on this site. Eleven exine surface patterns are distinguished at x 20,000 magnification under sem.
The poaceae are the worlds single most important source of food. Arithmetic mean x, standard deviation of the mean x sd, coef. The pollen morphology, particularly in the exine surface ornamentation, is less. Jul 05, 2017 palynology pollen morphology and biology 1. An analysis of modern pollen rain on an elevational gradient in southern peru 115 conspicuously at 1750 m and continues up to 2800 m. An analysis of modern pollen rain on an elevational gradient.
It includes roughly 1,500 species in 84 genera, primarily found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Pollen morphology of poaceae poales in the azores, portugal. Pollen morphology and its relationship to taxonomy of the genus sarracenia sarraceniaceae w. Paniceae includes species using either of the c 4 and c 3 photosynthetic pathways, as well as presumably intermediate species. These authors proposed an alternative technique based on enzymatic treatment in fresh pollen grains. Pollen morphology of some species in the family solanaceae adedeji, o. Pollen morphology of some thai gesneriaceae 229 microreticulate tecta in her types 2 and 3 and reticulatemicroreticulate in types 4 and 5, which does not follow the meaning of reticulate, i.
Slide 3 a brief comparison of graminoids grasses, sedges and rushes slide 4 to 43 anatomy and morphology of grasses some hints, helps, and thoughts on working with grasses 1. The study investigates the significance of pollen morphology in the systematics of some species in the family solanaceae. Pollen morphology of 14 species of exotic poaceae in rio grande do sul state showed differences in sizes of pollen grains. Paleoecological reconstructions by poaceae pollen morphology were not easy until last years.
Pollen morphology of selected bee forage plants shubharani, r. Paniceae is a large tribe of the subfamily panicoideae in the grasses, the only in the monotypic supertribe panicodae. Similar to floral morphology, palynology of the family is also remarkably uniform. We examined and optimized the performance of srsim in recovering the nanoscale surface morphology of the pollen of nine poaceae species and compare our results to images obtained using scanning electron microscopy sem and an advanced transmitted light method. Feb 22, 2020 pollen morphology is one of the most important and fundamental branches of palynology. These authors proposed an alternative technique based on enzymatic treatment in fresh pollen. Cudiamat conservation biologistdirector center for marine science and mangrove research calatagan mangrove forest conservation park calatagan, batangas, philippines 2. A pollen morphology study from the kelabit highlands of. Here, the evolution and functional ecology of pollination and mating in windpollinated plants are discussed, a theoretical framework for modelling the selection of wind pollination is outlined, and pollen capture and the occurrence of pollen limitation in diverse windpollinated herbs are investigated experimentally. A contribution to the pollen morphology of family gramineae. They rank among the top five families of flowering plants in terms of the number of species, but they are clearly the most abundant and. Pollen morphology of poaceae in the azores 283 downloaded by bon.
The objective of this study was to expand knowledge on the poaceae and morphologically describe pollen grains of species occurring in the azores archipelago. This was done by calculating the number of pollen grains per flower and per inflorescence and by estimating the density of inflorescences in an area of one square. Pdf a contribution to the pollen morphology of family. Laboratory of biodiversity and apiculture, department of botany, bangalore university, bangalore560056, india abstract pollen taxonomy is the prerequisite to compare the pollen present in honey samples with special reference to. Pollen grain, apertures and exine surface ornamentation in oryza species sem photomicrographs. A discussion is given of the general interest of pollen, with methods of study and preservation. May 22, 2017 the poaceae family comprises over 12 000 wind.
The stigma surface and pollen stigma interactions in senecio squalidus l. Modern pollen source and spatial distribution from surface. Pollen morphological studies in all the four species of the sugar cane genus saccharum, comprising two cultivated s. Unesco eolss sample chapters tropical biology and conservation management vol. With one figure and one table, authormithilesh chaturvedi and kalyani datta, year2001. Pollen assemblages from these samples are valuable as modern analogs of humanaltered environments and rice agriculture. Pollen morphology and biology presented by mario a. Pollen assemblages of lake deposits are affected by the interaction of numerous factors such as environmental conditions, vegetation distribution, lake morphology and size, sedimentation and preservation and morphology of pollen grains dodson, 1977, pocknall, 1980, chen et al. Honeybeeassisted wind pollination in bamboo phyllostachys. Pollen morphology is one of the most important and fundamental branches of palynology.
A detailed assessment of poaceae pollen morphology was performed using light and scanning electron microscopy lm and sem, respectively, digital image processing and multivariate data analysis of species from the montane savanna canga vegetation of the serra dos carajas region in the southeastern amazon to discriminate the lower taxonomic levels and, accordingly, the habitat types of poaceae. It is commonly known as australian acacia or golden shower plant. Grasses are annual, biennial, or perennial plants that are usually herbaceous but may be woody in some genera. Asteraceae following cross compatible and self incompatible pollinations. Morphology of pollen grains 1 polarity the polar axis is the straight line between the distal and proximal poles of a pollen grain or a spore pollen grains can therefore be. Poaceae pollen as the leading aeroallergen worldwide. As a result of acetolysis, pollen shape varied considerably.
Measurements were recorded of 10 forest species and 58 grassland species, representing all tribes of the poaceae in rio grande do sul. The following points highlight the top five characteristics of pollen used in taxonomy. A detailed assessment of poaceae pollen morphology was performed using light and scanning electron microscopy lm and sem, respectively, digital image processing and multivariate data analysis of species from the montane savanna canga vegetation of the serra dos carajas region in the southeastern amazon to discriminate the lower taxonomic levels and, accordingly, the habitat types of. Pollen morphology as an index to plant relationship.
According to okeefe and wymer 2015, this technique is the most widespread in studies of pollen morphology, but has the disadvantage of causing changes in size and, in some cases, in the pollen grain structure. P p p p 1 pscience program, department of communication sciences and disorders, emerson college, boston, ma 02116 2 p harvard forest, harvard university, 324 north main street, petersham, ma 066. Pollen morphology and its relationship to taxonomy of the. The measurements and the morphology of the pollen grains were defined from analyses with the acetolysis technique and scanning electron microscopy. Palynology do not correspond with tribal classification. High pollen resolution for reconstruction of grasslands vegetation. Poaceae poaceae characteristic morphological features. Department of botany, obafemi awolowo university, ileife, osun state, postal codea234, nigeria. Pollen grains mostly spheroidal, monoporate rarely diporate, circular, pores small operculate, nonoperculate, annulate or nonannulate. The leaves may be evergreen or deciduous and are all basal or alternate, and usually much longer than wide. Pollen morphological description of some plants pollen grains.
In addition, we present data on the organic chemistry of the pollen wall, which was analysed by means. The following pollen morphological descriptions of some mimosoids are accompanied by fig. Pollen grains of the family poaceae are widely found in quaternary. Other insights into the ectexine surface of poaceae from forests. Top 5 characteristics of pollen used in taxonomy palynology. A isopolar the proximal and distal faces of the exine are alike b heteropolar the distal and proximal faces of the exine are different, either in shape, ornamentation. Pollen grains of the family poaceae are widely found in quaternary sediments of southern brazil. A novel approach to study the morphology and chemistry of. Pollen morphology and ultrastructure of selected species. Pollen production in anemophilous species of the poaceae.
Poaceae pollen is currently regarded as the leading airborne biological pollutant and the chief cause of pollen allergy worldwide. Comparison of pollen morphology and total proteins in some species of poaceae from turkey. Poaceae includes the cereal grasses, bamboos and the grasses of natural grassland and cultivated lawns and pasture. Pollen morphology of 20 species belonging to the 14 genera of the family gramineae has been investigated using light microscope and scanning microscope. In india the plant was introduced from tropical australia. Modern pollen assemblages from cultivated rice fields and. Unfortunately, most of these results were obtained from herbarium specimens. Jan 20, 2011 pollen morphological studies in all the four species of the sugar cane genus saccharum, comprising two cultivated s. Microsporogenesis, viability and morphology of pollen grain. Sculptural elements on the ectexine surface of poaceae pollen. It will not be an exaggeration if pollen morphology is referred to as the mother of palynological studies.
With regard to pollen morphology, all pollen grains were arranged as monads, with a. The results of this research showed that cultivars of grasses can be. However, the distinction of pollen grains of native and crop species is difficult due to uniform pollen morphology of poaceae species, except the pollen of corn that has size very large. The results of our compiled poaceae pollen dataset may be applied to the fossil pollen of quaternary sediments. Mean pollen loads on each flower one ovule of these three species were 7.
Pollen morphology pollen grains medicinal plants archive. Sep 30, 2010 despite the dominance of grasslands during the last glacial period, especially in south america, the highly uniform morphology of poaceae pollen grains has so far allowed only very few palynological studies based on poaceae pollen. Poaceae pollen grain size as a tool to distinguish past. Sculptural elements on the ectexine surface of poaceae. Although pollen grains of poaceae have often been regarded as psilate, which theoretically makes them more aerodynamic and facilitates anemophily the pollination mode traditionally accepted for this family, none of the species analysed in this study had pollen grains without. Poaceae pollen grains are easily identified by their monoporate and spheroidal shape morphology. A pollen grain, b part of a grain showing the depth of the closely set minute spinules at the margin, and the operculateannulate pore, c grouped. Through light microscopy analysis, we measured the size of the pollen grain, pore, and annulus from 68 species of rio grande do sul. Poaceae, grass family of monocotyledonous flowering plants, a division of the order poales. Materials and methods material we investigated 20 samples table 1.
In our study we compare two methods of distinguishing between south american grassland ecosystems based on quantitative morphology of poaceae pollen grains. The correct identification of pollen grains is an important factor in any research area that uses pollen. Pollen morphology and total amount of protein in pollen extracts of introduced lolium perenne l. Underground rhizome in all perennial grasses, cylindrical, culm with conspicuous nodes and internodes, internodes hollow, herbaceous or woody, glabrous or glaucous, vegetative shoots are arising from the base of aerial stem or from underground stems are called tillers. The uniform morphology of different species of poaceae grass pollen means that. Pollen morphological studies of 19 species of oryza poaceae were carried out using lm and sem. On the basis of exine ornamentations 5 distinct pollen types are recognized. Studies on the pollen morphology of nineteen species. Pollen morphological description of some plants pollen. Pdf pollen morphology of poaceae poales in the azores, portugal. Pdf comparative leaf and pollen micromorphology on some.
642 241 967 1285 1300 93 819 1254 1239 453 219 443 791 1650 896 112 153 330 800 981 141 311 692 113 264 611 1573 1154 1429 1257 554 26 603 1201 555 586 299 804 553